Machine vices are available with different types of base, which mount to the table of a machine tool. These are listed below along with some information about each type.
Fixed bases
A machine vice with a fixed base has a flat bottom design which fits straight to the machine’s table and is stationary.
The vice has mounting holes within the base where bolts are fitted to secure the tool to the drill press table. (The bolts are purchased separately and are not included with the vice.)
Sometimes, fixed base vices have extended mounting holes, or even a variety of holes in order for the bolts to be moved, so that the vice can be placed in various positions under the drill bit.
If the mounting holes are extended, this means they are longer than usual to allow a bolt to slide along and be fixed at different positions.
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Less chance of moving during machining
More reliable
Less versatile than other types of base
Once bolted down, it can only be moved by removing the bolts
Time-consuming
Swivel bases
A vice with a swivel base can be rotated, allowing the vice to be placed in various positions when machining.
The swivel base is bolted to the drill press or milling table, but can then rotate 360 degrees and be locked when in the desired working position.
The base often has two lock nuts, one on either side, which control its movement. To adjust the base, the nut is loosened which allows the vice to be moved into a new position. The nut is then tightened to keep the vice still.
A separate swivel base can be purchased as an additional feature and then be attached to a fixed base machine vice.
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
More versatile than a fixed base
Allows user to clamp a workpiece while still being able to move it into various positions
Ideal for drilling holes of different shapes and sizes
Saves time
Not as sturdy as a fixed base
Greater risk of vice moving
Adds to the cost of the vice
Three-way bases
Some drill press machine vices have a three-way base in order to offer alternative mounting options. This design means the vice can be positioned and bolted down in three different ways, adding to its versatility.
It can be placed horizontally on the drill press table (similarly to a fixed base).
Alternatively, it can be placed vertically on the drill press table.
Or it can also be placed longitudinally on the drill press table, in order to clamp workpieces for drilling.
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Extremely versatile
Clamped workpieces can be rotated 90 up to degrees without removing it from the jaws
Movability means it can hold bigger workpieces that are difficult to manage in a fixed base
If a workpiece is too long or wide to clamp horizontally, the vice can be moved and placed vertically or longitudinally