The term ‘swaging’ simply means to shape metal through the action of hammering or applying pressure.
There are a number of swaging tools which increase the diameter of copper pipe, however most of them are generally more expensive than socket formers and for professional or regular usage.
They are found in three different forms: punch, automatic and hydraulic.
Punch swaging tools
Punch swaging tools are very similar to socket formers and are used in the same way – by hammering.
Automatic swaging tools
Automatic swaging tools have handles and interchangeable expander heads. As the handles are pressed together, the expander head widens the copper pipe.
Hydraulic swaging tools
Hydraulic swaging tools use a pumping action in order to expand the copper pipe.
Pipe fittings and fixtures
Pipe fittings are generally the preferred method for joining copper pipes.
End feed couplings
These are the basic connectors between copper pipes. They require soldering in the same way a socket formed connection does but are thought to be the most aesthetically pleasing by many users.
Push fit couplings
Push fit couplings do not require soldering; they are simply pushed into place. They are also available in plastic, which can look odd in contrast to copper piping.
Solder ring couplings
Solder rings are slotted on in much the same way as end feed and socket formed joints, however they have a raised ring around either side which is filled with solder. This means that instead of the usual soldering process, the fitting can simply be heated with a propane torch.
However, many users consider these unattractive and less effective compared to other types.